Download Impulse (http://www.impulsedriven.com) and register Sins there, then you can download the latest up to date version. There were enough patches (and 1.1 was large enough) that it won't be that much bigger from what you would've had to download to patch your 1.0 and you can only get the latest patch through Impulse anyway. Kills many a bird with one stone.

Hm, that will be a bit of a problem then. Impulse can make a game archive, but it needs to be logged in to install from it. Since you have no internet on the home PC, you'll also need to re-create the registry entries (sorry, I don't remember the registry path for Sins at the moment).

I know the guys at support@stardock.com can help fix your Windows Installer issues, but that will need internet as well since it's going to involve downloading Microsoft updates

Edit: Check this thread for what to do in the registry: https://forums.sinsofasolarempire.com/304571 The patch version is different, should be 1.12, but I don't think the number itself will make a difference - just need the string.

That's actually the way it's supposed to be, the disk isn't needed to play so there was no need to tie the launcher to the disk, it's just for the installation

There's no campaign, though one is in the works for the future Ironclad decided to focus on the sandbox aspect so they could get it right, rather than half-assing the campaign and the sandbox