first of all, set a hotkey to planets with shipyards on them. i like to use ctrl+0, since its easy to remember and i won't accidentally hit it when i'm reaching for ship fleet ctrl groups (usually on ctrl+1 -> ctrl+5 for me).
second of all, use the hotkeys for planet management just like you would ships. good hotkeys to remember for controlling planet actions:
planets use the same hotkey grid layout that ships do, for the most part, so the buttons match up to the same hotkeys.
q is planet upgrades, w is logistic buildings, e is tactical buildings. i don't use these taht often though, since you need to mouseclick to place a building anyway (i never use auto-place) i dont gain any speed from hotkeying it.
the ship building buttons (caps, frigs, cruisers) are on a,s, d respectively. these i do use alot. in particular i'll often queue up a bunch of LRFs and want to do it quickly. that's gonna be S then E. shift+E if i want to queue 5 at a time.
the f key is rally point. this is a REALLY useful hotkey for me. lets me change rally points very quickly so i don't have to keep microing orders to newly built ships.
escape button is the back button, goes up one menu level. i can reach it with my ring finger with the rest of my fingers on the hotkey grid so its really fast.