Step 1: Scout ahead- Know what youre dealing with. Check out the star, then check out planets that are attached to it. Look for a good place to set up a base in their system.
Step 2: Plot a course- Use the info gathered from your scout mission to the star to plot a path around each starbase there to the best option for a base of operations planet attached to the star. Be sure and give yourself plenty of room to maneuver or go for a path that which would put you in the stars grav well for the least amount of time. If you can get to a planet by turning around and jumping once youve jumped in, thats the best option.
Step 3: Execute a bypass- Get your fleet together as close as you can get them before you jump to the star. Then follow your route, make adjustments if necessary to stay away from the SBs and jump to your target planet.
Step 4: Set up a base- Have your cap ships immediately start bombarding the planet. The quicker its destroyed the sooner you can set up. Clean up any static defenses, and colonize the planet. Start with building a bunch of repair bays to take care of the damage done to your ships. Don't wait until all the enemy structures are cleared, start building as soon as you can. The repair bays will give you an edge if theres an enemy fleet nearby trying to chase you down. Then build frigate factories and a starbase.
Voila, you've bypassed the chokepoint and now have a sturdy base in the enemy system. Your opponents have now spent the money for 4 starbases just to have you waltz right by. Your fleet took a little damage, but you have a way to heal them, and create more without having to go through that chokepoint again.
**** Note Be careful around TEC starbases, at high tech levels TEC can research a tech called "improved Jump Degradation" which will do a higher percentage of damage to ships attempting to bypass. If you know that your enemy is no where nearby, then you'll have enough time to repair, but you don;t want to run into an enemy fleet after taking that kind of damage.