1.

When upgrading a tech, lets say shields by 5% and the second lvl of that tech upgrades it by 10% does this mean the base amount is upgraded by 5% and that amount is upgraded by another 10%? Or does the base amount get upgraded by 5% with the 1st tech and 10% with the next tech adding to 15% of base shield? OR does it mean the base shields are upgraded by 5% with 1st tech and by another 5% of base shield to a total of 10% base shield?

Example:

(even numbers to ease the calculation)

Opt. 1:     1000: base shield -- 1st tech --> 1050: upgraded shield 1 -- 2nd tech --> 1155: upgraded shield 2

Opt. 2:     1000: base shield -- 1st tech --> 1050: upgraded shield 1 -- 2nd tech --> 1150: upgraded shield 2

Opt. 3:     1000: base shield -- 1st tech --> 1050: upgraded shield 1 -- 2nd tech --> 1100: upgraded shield 2

Or is there an entirely different way of calculating the actual shields from upgrades?

2.

Same goes for armor increasing a ships hull points by ~5%

In cases like the armor buff of the radiance battleship or TEC armor tech

1000: HP -- +1 armor --> 1100: HP -- +1 armor --> 1210: HP -- +1 armor --> 1331 --> etc.

thanks in advance

ace