thee longer the trade chain the more profit you get from trading
lets say, you control all planets of 1 solar system
instead of building tradeports on every planet, you should carefully search for the longest possible route (without breaking it)
the hard part is making routes without breaking chains you break a chain if you place a tradeport next to an existing trade-lane and that extra trade-port would shorten the lane
as an adition wormholes do apply in the chain, so if you place astarbase at both ends of a wormhole with a trade-port upgrade trade-ships wil use the wormhole adding an extra +3 jumps to your chain
(jump to wormhole 1 - enter wormhole 1 - jump away from wormhole 2) 1 and 2 being connected
Phase stabilizer have no effect on trade chains, your income wil remain the same, even though ships use the stabilizer-network (i am still confused about that though)
so your questions answered
it is related to the total lenght of the trade-chain, the value of trade-port in the chain however also increases porift
meaning, a terran planet wih 290 population and 2 trade-ports adds more value to the trade-chain then a volcano with 70 population and 1 trade port
so if theres 2 ways of making a trade chain always include high value planet, (high population and/or logistical slot slot avaibility)
i am pretty sure that using stabilizers do not increase/decrease credit income even though trade-ship are using the stabilizer system i think the amount of resources dropped is directly linked with the resources/sec gained from the trade-network (seen in the credit-income overvieuw)