Everyone talks about how a well balanced fleet tends to be better than spamming any one unit (in most cases, stay with me here). I think the same applies to defensive structors around a planet, at least against the AI.
Computer: As TEC and Advent I like to build my defence structures around my starbase. I put repair platforms so the starbase is just barely in their range, and then I place point-defence platforms right around them to help defend them during an attack (make sure to protect the planet with Aux Government or Enduring Devotion via the starbase). Point defences can't do it on thier own, but niether can any other structure.
As Vasari I place point defences as close to the planet as possible, going around the planet, so that the entire "surface" of the planet is within range of one. This protects the planet against AI-owned siege frigates and pirates, but little else. Usually 6-8 'guns' will cover the planet; only 2-3 are needed for asteroids.
Human: Against the AI, on any level, a well balanced mix of point-defence, hangars, and repair platforms will do, especially if you mix them in with a starbase. Against a human opponent... good luck. Unlike our unfriendly dunce of an AI, a Human opponents can learn, and come up with a solution to any stragety. An Advent player could culture you out, Vasari could skip to anywhere else they want (or launch their own SB against you), and the TEC could come in with a missile-barraging marza and a buttload of orogov's and hoshikos (a few basics just for starters). Against humans, you need to be as adaptive as your enemy, you might even need to scuttle/change you defences midgame. There is no one best trick.