Yes. The number of tactical/logistical slots is determined by the planet itself. So you need to edit the planet's .entity file (I.e. PlanetTerran.entity).
In that file, you'll see a section that looks like this.
path:CivilianModules
stageCount 3
stage
price
credits 0.000000
metal 0.000000
crystal 0.000000
upgradeTime 0.000000
maxModuleSlotCount:Civilian 12.000000
maxModuleConstructorCount 0
stage
price
credits 450.000000
metal 150.000000
crystal 75.000000
upgradeTime 45.000000
maxModuleSlotCount:Civilian 18.000000
maxModuleConstructorCount 1
stage
price
credits 550.000000
metal 175.000000
crystal 125.000000
upgradeTime 60.000000
maxModuleSlotCount:Civilian 24.000000
maxModuleConstructorCount 1
Each stage corresponds to an upgrade level, and you can thus adjust the price and slot counts for each stage.
However, if you don't want to globally change the slot counts, a way you can increase them for a specific planet on a specific map is to place a bonus that will do that at the planet. While by default the developers sadly only made the metal miners bonus available, with a mod like my Diplomacy Forge you can place any bonus that is in the game.
