I'll attempt the second question first. (So I ass-backwards, sue me)
I think we learned a lot from the great depression. Recessions are still quite possible, happen from time to time, and are actually a normal part of the economic cycle as far as I have observed. While a major catastrophic event could cause econimic collapse, I don't see the condition of severe depression coming about again in some other way short of this.
I'll note here that I am in no way an economist, I just observe and think for myself.
As for the first question: In order to establish such a government system the first thing that must be done is to disarm the citizens. As Jefferson said, "the best governed society is and armed society". Our forefathers saw that by allowing the citizens to be armed, the government could be held in check to a certain extent. They didn't protect our rights to arms to go out and shoot rabbits but to shoot politicians when they try to oppress us.
OK, I know the topic is far more complex than this simple answer, but it is an important point. The primary reason the Japanese didn't plan to continue their surprise attack from Hawaii on to the west coast of the US was they knew they wouldn't stand a chance with so many civilian guns against a relatively small invasion force. This was admitted by the Japanese themselves after the war.
While the American people have their problems with the extreme left, the extreme right, the whole annoying politically correct garbage movement, and other social problems we are still a very independent people who would not sit still for an outright coup of the democratic government (or our version of one at least).
I'll say here that I am not a political student or expert, and not even a very potitically motivated person. Personally I think politics these days is a shameful mockery of what it was intended to be in this country, but that's beside the point. I am simply saying again, these are my personal opinions, arrioved at by personal observation, life study, and free thinking on my part, and not the regurgitated pap many spew forth without a modicum of free thought. I hold no allegience to any political party, lobby group or political organization. SO take it for what it's worth (probably not much to those who dedicate their lives to the study of such nonsense).