The complication is that if you decline a surrender, should the AI surrender again? How long should it wait? Should it surrender to all players in a multiplayer game or just one? Should AI's be able to surrender to each other, and if so how should it be handled?
Q: Should the AI make further attempts at surrender if the first is declined?
A: Yes. I assume there's some kind of trigger that prompts the AI to surrender. If the player declines, simply check that trigger again at some set interval to see if it's still true.
Q: How long is the interval?
A: 15 minutes? 30 minutes? Doesn't really matter at the moment. Easy enough to tweak.
Q: Should it surrender to all players or one?
A: Again, using the AOE3 example, the option was offered to all human players in the game and as I recall, the choice was made by whoever clicked it first. If you're playing a game with AI's, the assumption was that the game was probably either a friendly match with the AI providing a 'random' factor or a comp stomp. In either case, it's probably not that difficult for the human players to reach a consensus.
Q: Should the AI's surrender to each other?
A: No. If beaten down, the AI would still offer surrender to the human players as normal.
It's been done before and it worked well enough. I don't see why it'd have to be any more complex here. That said, I wouldn't be opposed to a simple pre-game on/off toggle either. I only prefer the AOE3 version because you're still able to get your end-game combat while the AI gets another chance to quit during the inevitable tedious mop-up phase.